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Table of Contents

    • About the Authors
    • Acknowledgements
    • Preface
    • 1Testing
      • 1.1yep
    • 2CUSTOM! WOOO! EDIT! Original Elements, Atoms, and the Periodic Table

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      • 2.1The Elements

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      • 2.2Atomic Theory

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      • 2.3The Structure of Atoms

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      • 2.4Nuclei of Atoms

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      • 2.5Atomic Masses

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      • 2.6Arrangements of Electrons

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      • 2.7The Periodic Table

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      • 2.8End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 3Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds

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      • 3.1Two Types of Bonding

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      • 3.2Ions

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      • 3.3Formulas for Ionic Compounds

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      • 3.4Ionic Nomenclature

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      • 3.5Formula Mass

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      • 3.6End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 4Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds

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      • 4.1Covalent Bonds

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      • 4.2Covalent Compounds: Formulas and Names

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      • 4.3Multiple Covalent Bonds

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      • 4.4Characteristics of Covalent Bonds

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      • 4.5Characteristics of Molecules

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      • 4.6Introduction to Organic Chemistry

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      • 4.7End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 5Quantities in Chemical Reactions

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      • 5.1The Mole

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      • 5.2Atomic and Molar Masses

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      • 5.3Mole-Mass Conversions

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      • 5.4Mole-Mole Relationships in Chemical Reactions

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      • 5.5Mole-Mass and Mass-Mass Problems

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      • 5.6End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 6Energy and Chemical Processes

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      • 6.1Energy and Its Units

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      • 6.2Heat

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      • 6.3Phase Changes

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      • 6.4Bond Energies and Chemical Reactions

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      • 6.5The Energy of Biochemical Reactions

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      • 6.6End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 7Solids, Liquids, and Gases

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      • 7.1Intermolecular Interactions

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      • 7.2Solids and Liquids

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      • 7.3Gases and Pressure

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      • 7.4Gas Laws

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      • 7.5End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 8Solutions

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      • 8.1Solutions

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      • 8.2Concentration

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      • 8.3The Dissolution Process

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      • 8.4Properties of Solutions

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      • 8.5End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 9Acids and Bases

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      • 9.1Arrhenius Definition of Acids and Bases

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      • 9.2Brønsted-Lowry Definition of Acids and Bases

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      • 9.3Water: Both an Acid and a Base

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      • 9.4The Strengths of Acids and Bases

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      • 9.5Buffers

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      • 9.6End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 10Nuclear Chemistry

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      • 10.1Radioactivity

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      • 10.2Half-Life

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      • 10.3Units of Radioactivity

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      • 10.4Uses of Radioactive Isotopes

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      • 10.5Nuclear Energy

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      • 10.6End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 11Organic Chemistry Basics

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      • 11.1Organic Chemistry

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      • 11.2Straight-Chain Alkanes

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      • 11.3Branched-Chain Alkanes

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      • 11.4IUPAC Nomenclature

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      • 11.5Physical Properties of Alkanes

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      • 11.6Cycloalkanes

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      • 11.7Halogenated Hydrocarbons

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      • 11.8Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Hydrocarbons

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      • 11.9Reactions of Alkenes

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      • 11.10Cis-Trans Isomers

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      • 11.11End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 12Carbohydrates

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      • 12.1Carbohydrates and Their Functional Groups

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      • 12.2Classes of Monosaccharides

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      • 12.3Important Hexoses

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      • 12.4Cyclic Structures of Monosaccharides

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      • 12.5Properties of Monosaccharides

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      • 12.6Disaccharides

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      • 12.7Polysaccharides

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      • 12.8End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 13Lipids

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      • 13.1Fatty Acids

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      • 13.2Fats, Oils, and Waxes

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      • 13.3Membranes and Membrane Lipids

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      • 13.4Steroids

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      • 13.5End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 14Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

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      • 14.1Amino Acids

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      • 14.2Reactions of Amino Acids

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      • 14.3Peptides

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      • 14.4Protein Structure

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      • 14.5Enzymes

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      • 14.6Enzyme Activity

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      • 14.7Enzyme Inhibition

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      • 14.8Enzyme Cofactors and Vitamins

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      • 14.9End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 15Nucleic Acids

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      • 15.1Nucleotides

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      • 15.2Nucleic Acid Structure

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      • 15.3Replication and Expression of Genetic Information

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      • 15.4Protein Synthesis and the Genetic Code

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      • 15.5Mutations and Genetic Diseases

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      • 15.6Viruses

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      • 15.7End-of-Chapter Material

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    • 16Energy Metabolism

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      • 16.1ATP—the Universal Energy Currency

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      • 16.2Stage I of Catabolism

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      • 16.3Overview of Stage II of Catabolism

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      • 16.4Stage III of Catabolism

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      • 16.5Stage II of Carbohydrate Catabolism

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      • 16.6Stage II of Lipid Catabolism

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      • 16.7Stage II of Protein Catabolism

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      • 16.8End-of-Chapter Material

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    • AAppendix A: Chemistry, Matter, and Measurement:  A Review of The Basics

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      • A.1What is Chemistry?

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      • A.2The Classification of Matter

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      • A.3Measurements

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      • A.4Expressing Numbers: Scientific Notation

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      • A.5Expressing Numbers: Significant Figures

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      • A.6The International System of Units

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      • A.7Converting Units

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      • A.8End-of-Appendix Material

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    • BAppendix B: Chapter Exercise Answers

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      • B.1Chapter 1 Elements, Atoms, and the Periodic Table 

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      • B.2Chapter 2 Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds 

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      • B.3Chapter 3 Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds

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      • B.4Chapter 4 Introduction to Chemical Reactions

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      • B.5Chapter 5 Quantities in Chemical Reactions

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      • B.6Chapter 6 Energy and Chemical Processes

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      • B.7Chapter 7 Solids, Liquids and Gases

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      • B.8Chapter 8 Solutions

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      • B.9Chapter 9 Acids and Bases

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      • B.10Chapter 10 Nuclear Chemistry

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      • B.11Chapter 11 Organic Chemistry Basics

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      • B.12Chapter 12 Carbohydrates

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      • B.13Chapter 13 Lipids

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      • B.14Chapter 14 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

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      • B.15Chapter 15 Nucleic Acids

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      • B.16Chapter 16 Energy Metabolism

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      • B.17Appendix A Chemistry, Matter, and Measurement: A Review of the Basics

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